参考文献
[1]Aldrin P,Heuer A,Ottosson D,et al.Chemogenetic modulation of cholinergic interneurons reveals their regulating role on the direct and indirect output pathways from the striatum[J].Neurobiology of Disease,2017,109(Pt A):148-162.
[2]Appel SH.Inflammation in Parkinson's disease:Cause or consequence?[J].Mov Disord,2012,27(9):1075-1077.
[3]Ascherio A,Schwarzschild M.The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease:risk factors and prevention[J].The Lancet Neurology,2016,15(12):1257-1272.
[4]Bostan AC,Strick PL.The basal ganglia and the cerebellum:nodes in an integrated network[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2018,19(6):338-350.
[5]Braak H,Ghebremedhin E,Udo R,et al.Stages in the development of Parkinson's disease-related pathology[J].Cell Tissue Research,2004,318(1):121-134.
[6]Chu HY,McIver EL,Kovaleski RF,et al.Loss of Hyperdirect Pathway Cortico-Subthalamic Inputs Following Degeneration of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons[J].Neuron,2017,95(6):1306-1318.
[7]Cookson M.The biochemistry of Parkinson's disease[J].Annual Review of Biochemistry,2005,74(1):29-52.
[8]Dawson T.Parkinson's disease:genetics and pathogenesis[J].Annu Rev Pathol,2011,6(6):193-222.
[9]Dickson D,Braak H,Duda J,et al.Neuropathological assessment of Parkinson's disease:refining the diagnostic criteria[J].Lancet Neurology,2009,8(12):1150-1157.
[10]Dickson D.Neuropathology of Parkinson disease[J].Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2017,46(suppl 1):s30-s33.
[11]Fieblinger T,Graves SM,Sebel LE,et al.Cell type-specific plasticity of striatal projection neurons in parkinsonism and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia[J].Nat Commun,2014,5(1):5316-5316.
[12]Gan Z,Dion P,Rouleau G.Genetic perspective on the role of the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway in Parkinson disease[J].Autophagy,2015,11(9):43-57.
[13]Goldman S.Environmental Toxins and Parkinson's Disease[J].Ann Review Pharmacol,2013,54(1):182-182.
[14]Guo F,Liu X,Le W,et al.Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases:Pathogenesis and Therapy[J].Brain Pathol,2017,28(1):3-13.
[15]Hirsch E,Hunot S.Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease:A target for neuroprotection?[J].Lancet Neurol,2009,8(4):382-397.
[16]Joshua M,Philip L,De J.Parkinson's Disease:Genetics and Pathogenesis[J].Annu Rev Pathol,2011,6(6):193-222.
[17]Kalia L,Lang A.Parkinson's disease[J].Lancet,2015,386(9996):896-912.
[18]Kim J,Kim Y,Nakajima R,et al.Inhibitory Basal Ganglia Inputs Induce Excitatory Motor Signals in the Thalamus[J].Neuron,2017,95(5):1181-1196.
[19]Lange K,Kornhuber J,Riederer P.Dopamine/glutamate interactions in Parkinson's disease[J].Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews,1997,21(4):393-400.
[20]Le W,Rowe D,Xie W,et al.Microglial Activation and Dopaminergic Cell Injury:An In Vitro Model Relevant to Parkinson's Disease[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2001,21(21):8447-8455.
[21]Lev N,Melamed E,Offen D.Apoptosis and Parkinson's disease[J].Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry,2003,27(2):245-250.
[22]Li T,Yang Z,Le W,et al.Alterations of NURR1 and cytokines in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells:combined biomarkers for Parkinson's disease[J].Frontiers in aging neuroscience,2018,10:392.
[23]Ma C,Su L,Xie J,et al.The prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Journal of Neural Transmission,2014,121(2):123-134.
[24]Mastro KJ,Zitelli KT,Willard AM,et al.Cell-specific pallidal intervention induces long-lasting motor recovery in dopamine-depleted mice[J].Nature Neuroscience,2017,20(6):815-823.
[25]McGregor MM,Nelson AB.Circuit Mechanisms of Parkinson's Disease[J].Neuron,2019,101(6):1042-1056.
[26]Mcnaught K,Olanow C,Halliwell B,et al.Failure of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in Parkinson's disease[J].Nature Reiview Neuroscience,2001,2(8):589-594.
[27]Mouradian M.MicroRNAs in Parkinson's disease[J].Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy,2012,46(2):279-284.
[28]Olanow W.Levodopa:Effect on cell death and the natural history of Parkinson's disease[J].Mov Disord,2015,30(1):37-44.
[29]Onyango I.Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Parkinson's Disease[J].Neurochemical Research,2008,33(3):589-597.
[30]Perier C,Bové J,Vila M.Mitochondria and Programmed Cell Death in Parkinson's Disease:Apoptosis and Beyond[J].Antioxidants & Redox Signaling,2012,16(9):883-895.
[31]Politis M,Niccolini F.Serotonin in Parkinson's disease[J].Behavioural Brain Research,2015,277:136-145.
[32]Remy P.Depression in Parkinson's disease:loss of dopamine and noradrenaline innervation in the limbic system[J].Brain,2005,128(6):1314-1322.
[33]Ryan B,Hoek S,Fon E,et al.Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy in Parkinson's:from familial to sporadic disease[J].Trends in Biochemical Sciences,2015,40(4):200-210.
[34]Sanjari M,Zareshahabadi A,Rahmani F,et al.Neurotransmission systems in Parkinson's disease.[J].Rev Neurosci,2017,28(5):509-536.
[35]Schapira A,Jenner P.Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease[J].Mov Disord,2011,26(6):1049-1055.
[36]Schmidt R,Leventhal DK,Mallet N,et al.Canceling actions involves a race between basal ganglia pathways[J].Nat Neurosci,2013,16(8):1118-1124.
[37]Segura J,Paris I,Patricia M,et al.Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease[J].Journal of Neurochemistry,2014,129(6):898-915.
[38]Singleton A,Farrer M,Bonifati V.The genetics of Parkinson's disease:Progress and therapeutic implications[J].Mov Disord,2013,28(1):14-23.
[39]Madhavi Thomas.Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease[M].New York:Springer,2014.
[40]Tanimura A,Du Y,Kondapalli J,et al.Cholinergic Interneurons Amplify Thalamostriatal Excitation of Striatal Indirect Pathway Neurons in Parkinson's Disease Models[J].Neuron,2019,101(3):444-458
[41]Tredici K,Braak H.Sporadic Parkinson's disease:Development and distribution of α-synuclein pathology[J].Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology,2015,42(1):33-50.
[42]Wall NR,La Parra MD,Callaway EM,et al.Differential Innervation of Direct- and Indirect-Pathway Striatal Projection Neurons[J].Neuron,2013,79(2):347-360.
[43]Williams E,Chen X,Moore D.VPS35,the Retromer Complex and Parkinson's Disease[J].Journal of Parkinson's Disease,2017,7(2):219-233.
[44]Wu P,Wang J,Peng S,et al.Metabolic brain network in the Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease based on 18F-FDG PET imaging[J].Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2013,19(6):622-627.
[45]Xilouri M,Brekk O,Stefanis L.Alpha-synuclein and Protein Degradation Systems:a Reciprocal Relationship[J].Molecular Neurobiology,2013,47(2):537-551.
[46]Zhang Z,Roman G,Hong Z,et al.Parkinson's disease in China:Prevalence in Beijing,Xian,and Shanghai[J].The Lancet,2005,365(9459):595-597.
[47]Zucca F,Seguraaguilar J,Ferrari E,et al.Interactions of iron,dopamine and neuromelanin pathways in brain aging and Parkinson's disease[J].Progress in Neurobiology,2017,155:96-119.
[48]陈生弟,乐卫东,陈先文.帕金森病[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[49]乐卫东.自噬-生物学与疾病[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[50]乐卫东.帕金森病中西医治疗[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.